References
Narducci, L. M. & Abraham, N. B. Laser Physics and Laser Instabilities (World Scientific, 1988).
van Tartwijk, G. H. M. & Agrawal, G. P. Laser instabilities: a modern perspective. Prog. Quant. Electron. 22, 43–122 (1998).
Ohtsubo, J. Semiconductor Lasers—Stability, Instability and Chaos 3rd edn (Springer, 2013).
Sciamanna, M. & Shore, K. A. Physics and applications of laser diode chaos. Nat. Photonics 9, 151–162 (2015).
Abraham, N. B. & Firth, W. J. Overview of transverse effects in nonlinear-optical systems. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 7, 951–962 (1990).
Lugiato, L. Spatio-temporal structures. Part I. Phys. Rep. 219, 293–310 (1992).
Huyet, G., Martinoni, M. C., Tredicce, J. R. & Rica, S. Spatiotemporal dynamics of lasers with a large fresnel number. Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4027–4030 (1995).
Jauregui, C., Limpert, J. & Tünnermann, A. High-power fibre lasers. Nat. Photonics 7, 861–867 (2013).
Guo, Y. et al. Real-time multispeckle spectral-temporal measurement unveils the complexity of spatiotemporal solitons. Nat. Commun. 12, 67 (2021).
Bittner, S. & Sciamanna, M. Complex nonlinear dynamics of polarization and transverse modes in a broad-area VCSEL. APL Photonics 7, 126108 (2022).
Giudici, M., Tredicce, J. R., Vaschenko, G., Rocca, J. J. & Menoni, C. S. Spatio-temporal dynamics in vertical cavity surface emitting lasers excited by fast electrical pulses. Opt. Commun. 158, 313–321 (1998).
Fischer, I., Hess, O., Elsäßer, W. & Göbel, E. Complex spatio-temporal dynamics in the near-field of a broad-area semiconductor laser. Europhys. Lett. 35, 579 (1996).
Marciante, J. R. & Agrawal, G. P. Spatio-temporal characteristics of filamentation in broad-area semiconductor lasers: experimental results. IEEE Photonics Tech. Lett. 10, 54 (1998).
Scholz, D. et al. Measurement and simulation of filamentation in (Al,In)GaN laser diodes. Opt. Express 16, 6846–6859 (2008).
Wright, L. G., Christodoulides, D. N. & Wise, F. W. Spatiotemporal mode-locking in multimode fiber lasers. Science 358, 94–97 (2017).
Wright, L. G. et al. Mechanisms of spatiotemporal mode-locking. Nat. Phys. 16, 565–570 (2020).
Bittner, S. et al. Suppressing spatio-temporal lasing instabilities with wave-chaotic microcavities. Science 361, 1225–1231 (2018).
Kim, K. et al. Impact of cavity geometry on microlaser dynamics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 153801 (2023).
Ivars, S. B. et al. Photonic snake states in two-dimensional frequency combs. Nat. Photonics 17, 767–774 (2023).
Chen, C.-W., Wisal, K., Eliezer, Y., Stone, A. D. & Cao, H. Suppressing transverse mode instability through multimode excitation in a fiber amplifier. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 120, e2217735120 (2023).
Abrams, D. M. & Strogatz, S. H. Chimera states for coupled oscillators. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 174102 (2004).
Tinsley, M. R., Nkomo, S. & Showalter, K. Chimera and phase-cluster states in populations of coupled chemical oscillators. Nat. Phys. 8, 662–665 (2012).
Parastesh, F. et al. Chimeras. Phys. Rep. 898, 1–114 (2021).
Shena, J., Hizanidis, J., Kovanis, V. & Tsironis, G. P. Turbulent chimeras in large semiconductor laser arrays. Sci. Rep. 7, 42116 (2017).
Larger, L., Penkovsky, B. & Maistrenko, Y. Laser chimeras as a paradigm for multistable patterns in complex systems. Nat. Commun. 6, 7752 (2015).
Uy, C.-H., Weicker, L., Rontani, D. & Sciamanna, M. Optical chimera in light polarization. APL Photonics 4, 056104 (2019).
Viktorov, E. A., Habruseva, T., Hegarty, S. P., Huyet, G. & Kelleher, B. Coherence and incoherence in an optical comb. Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 224101 (2014).
Kazakov, D. et al. Cluster synchronization in a semiconductor laser. APL Photonics 9, 026104 (2024).
Hess, O. Spatio-temporal complexity in multi-stripe and broad-area semiconductor lasers. Chaos Solitons Fractals 4, 1597–1618 (1994).
Hess, O. & Kuhn, T. Maxwell-bloch equations for spatially inhomogeneous semiconductor lasers. II. Spatiotemporal dynamics. Phys. Rev. A 54, 3360–3368 (1996).
Adachihara, H., Hess, O., Abraham, E., Ru, P. & Moloney, J. V. Spatiotemporal chaos in broad-area semiconductor lasers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 658–665 (1993).
Marciante, J. & Agrawal, G. Spatio-temporal characteristics of filamentation in broad-area semiconductor lasers. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 33, 1174–1179 (1997).
Arahata, M. & Uchida, A. Inphase and antiphase dynamics of spatially-resolved light intensities emitted by a chaotic broad-area semiconductor laser. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 21, 1800609 (2015).
Tachikawa, T., Takimoto, S., Shogenji, R. & Ohtsubo, J. Dynamics of broad-area semiconductor lasers with short optical feedback. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 46, 140 (2010).
Kaiser, J., Fischer, I., Elsasser, W., Gehrig, E. & Hess, O. Mode-locking in broad-area semiconductor lasers enhanced by picosecond-pulse injection. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 10, 968 (2004).
Kaiser, J., Fischer, I. & Elsässer, W. Mode locking of lateral modes in broad-area semiconductor lasers by subharmonic optical pulse injection. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 101110 (2006).
Stelmakh, N. & Vasilyev, M. Spatially-resolved self-heterodyne spectroscopy of lateral modes of broad-area laser diodes. Opt. Express 22, 3845–3859 (2014).
Stelmakh, N. & Flowers, M. Measurement of spatial modes of broad-area diode lasers with 1-GHz resolution grating spectrometer. IEEE Photonics Tech. Lett. 18, 1618–1620 (2006).
Crump, P. et al. Experimental and theoretical analysis of the dominant lateral waveguiding mechanism in 975 nm high power broad area diode lasers. Semicond. Sci. Tech. 27, 045001 (2012).
Crump, P., Ekterai, M., Schultz, C., Erbert, G. & Tränkle, G. Studies of limitations to lateral brightness in high power diode lasers using spectrally-resolved mode profiles. In 2014 International Semiconductor Laser Conference 23–24 (IEEE, 2014).
Uhlig, L., Kunzmann, D. J. & Schwarz, U. T. Characterization of lateral and longitudinal mode competition in blue ingan broad-ridge laser diodes. Phys. Stat. Sol. A 220, 0751 (2023).
Elsasser, W. & Gobel, E. Multimode effects in the spectral linewidth of semiconductor lasers. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 21, 687 (1985).
Brunner, D., Soriano, M. C., Porte, X. & Fischer, I. Experimental phase-space tomography of semiconductor laser dynamics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 053901 (2015).
Wishon, M. J., Locquet, A., Chang, C. Y., Choi, D. & Citrin, D. S. Crisis route to chaos in semiconductor lasers subjected to external optical feedback. Phys. Rev. A 97, 033849 (2018).
Cappelli, F. et al. Retrieval of phase relation and emission profile of quantum cascade laser frequency combs. Nat. Photonics 13, 562–568 (2019).
Mandre, S. K., Fischer, I. & Elsäßer, W. Spatiotemporal emission dynamics of a broad-area semiconductor laser in an external cavity: stabilization and feedback-induced instabilities. Opt. Comm. 244, 355 (2005).
Smith, P. W. Simultaneous phase-locking of longitudinal and transverse laser modes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 13, 235–237 (1968).
Côté, D. & van Driel, H. M. Period doubling of a femtosecond ti:sapphire laser by total mode locking. Opt. Lett. 23, 715–717 (1998).
Ziegler, M. O. et al. Spatiotemporal emission dynamics of ridge waveguide laser diodes: picosecond pulsing and switching. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 16, 2015–2022 (1999).
Tan, G.-L., Mand, R. & Xu, J. Self-consistent modeling of beam instabilities in 980-nm fiber pump-lasers. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 33, 1384–1395 (1997).
Fu, X., Tan, G., Gordon, R. & Xu, J. Third-order nonlinearity induced lateral-mode frequency locking and beam instability in the high-power operation of narrow-ridge semiconductor lasers. IEEE J. Quant. Electron. 34, 1447–1454 (1998).
Choi, M., Fukushima, T. & Harayama, T. Alternate oscillations in quasistadium laser diodes. Phys. Rev. A 77, 063814 (2008).
Weng, H.-Z. et al. Spectral linewidth analysis for square microlasers. IEEE Photonics Tech. Lett. 29, 1931–1934 (2017).
Harayama, T., Fukushima, T., Sunada, S. & Ikeda, K. S. Asymmetric stationary lasing patterns in 2D symmetric microcavities. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 073903 (2003).
Fukushima, T., Tanaka, T. & Harayama, T. Unidirectional beam emission from strained ingaasp multiple-quantum-well quasistadium laser diodes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 171103 (2005).
Rosales, R. et al. Optical pulse generation in single section InAs/GaAs quantum dot edge emitting lasers under continuous wave operation. Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 221113 (2012).
Rosales, R. et al. High performance mode locking characteristics of single section quantum dash lasers. Opt. Express 20, 8649–8657 (2012).
Hugi, A., Villares, G., Blaser, S., Liu, H. C. & Faist, J. Mid-infrared frequency comb based on a quantum cascade laser. Nature 492, 229–233 (2012).
Burghoff, D. et al. Terahertz laser frequency combs. Nat. Photonics 8, 462–467 (2014).
Yu, N. et al. Coherent coupling of multiple transverse modes in quantum cascade lasers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 013901 (2009).
Wójcik, A. K., Yu, N., Diehl, L., Capasso, F. & Belyanin, A. Self-synchronization of laser modes and multistability in quantum cascade lasers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 133902 (2011).
Gioannini, M., Bardella, P. & Montrosset, I. Time-domain traveling-wave analysis of the multimode dynamics of quantum dot fabry-perot lasers. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 21, 698–708 (2015).
Kuramoto, Y. Cooperative dynamics of oscillator community: a study based on lattice of rings. Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 79, 223–240 (1984).